Decoding the Rapid Growth of Bamboo via Single-Cell Spatiotemporal Atlas
Our recent study in PNAS leverages Stereo-seq to provide the first high-resolution characterization of intercalary meristems (IcM) in Moso bamboo, uncovering the cellular drivers of its extraordinary growth rate.
We are excited to announce the publication of “Single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics reveal the cell populations of intercalary meristems in bamboo” in PNAS. This collaborative effort between XinLab and Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University utilizes Stereo-seq technology to decode the molecular mechanisms governing bamboo internode elongation at single-cell resolution.
Background
Moso bamboo is world-renowned for its “explosive” growth speed, driven primarily by the intercalary meristems (IcM) located at the base of each internode. However, the anatomical complexity and deep-seated location of IcM tissues have historically hindered a high-resolution understanding of their cellular composition and developmental dynamics.
Key Breakthroughs
- High-Resolution Spatiotemporal Atlas: By integrating an updated chromosome-scale genome with Stereo-seq and snRNA-seq, we systematically identified 14 distinct cell populations within the IcM across different developmental stages.
- Stem-like “IcM1” Subpopulation: The study identified a novel, highly proliferative subpopulation (IcM1) that functions as a stem-cell-like reservoir. This population is the primary driver of the rapid cell production required for internode elongation.
- Developmental Trajectories: We reconstructed the lineages from undifferentiated meristematic cells to mature vascular and ground tissues, pinpointing the key transcription factors that orchestrate these transitions.
Significance
This research provides a foundational resource for Poaceae species (including bamboo, rice, and maize). By resolving the spatiotemporal gene expression patterns of the IcM, we offer new insights into plant organogenesis and identify potential genetic targets for enhancing biomass production in bioenergy crops.
Collaborative Impact
This project reflects the synergy between advanced forest biotechnology and cutting-edge genomics. The XinLab team (including Xin Liu and colleagues) led the spatial transcriptomic sequencing and integrated bioinformatics analysis, pushing the boundaries of what is possible in plant spatial omics.
Read the full paper here: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2511701122